ASTM E1720-2001(2008) 在密封容器二氧化碳的生产试验中测定有机化合物已有的,最基本的生物分解性的标准试验方法

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【英文标准名称】:StandardTestMethodforDeterminingReady,Ultimate,BiodegradabilityofOrganicChemicalsinaSealedVesselCO2ProductionTest
【原文标准名称】:在密封容器二氧化碳的生产试验中测定有机化合物已有的,最基本的生物分解性的标准试验方法
【标准号】:ASTME1720-2001(2008)
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:美国
【发布日期】:2001
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:E47.04
【标准类型】:(TestMethod)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:
【英文主题词】:aerobic;biodegradation;CO2production;ready;sealedvessel;Aerobic/anaerobicbiodegradation;Biodegradation;CO2production;Organicchemicals;Sealedvessel;Ultimateanalysis
【摘要】:Asareadybiodegradabilitytest,whenusingnon-adaptedinoculum,thesealedvesselmethodprovidesonlyalimitedopportunityforbiodegradationandacclimatizationtooccur.Itmaythereforebeassumedthatachemicalyieldingapositiveresultinthisstringenttestwillbiodegraderapidlyandultimatelyintheenvironment.Generally,nofurtherbiodegradabilitytestingwouldberequiredforachemicalthatpassesthistestunequivocally.ThesealedvesseltestisapplicabletothetestingofvolatiletestchemicalsbecausethebiodegradativeformationofCO2occursinaclosedsystem.Thesealedvesseltestisalsoappropriatefortestingsparinglysolublechemicalsandforchemicalsthatbindtoinoculum,sincebiodegradabilityisbasedontheanalysisofasolubleformationproductratherthanonthedisappearanceofthesparinglysolublesubstrate.Amplereplicatesamplingforratedeterminationorstatisticalevaluation,orboth,isfeasiblebecauseofthespeed,economy,andspaceefficiencyofthesealedvesseltest.Thesealedvesseltestisidealforthecomparativetestingofgroupsofchemicalsandforgeneratingstructure-activitydatabasesalsobecauseofitsspeed,economy,andspaceefficiency.1.1Thistestmethodcoversproceduresfordeterminingtheready,ultimate,aerobicbiodegradabilityoforganicchemicalsbymonitoringCO2productioninsealedvesselscontainingthetestcompoundandadilutesewageinoculum.Becauseofthestringencyofthetestconditions,itcanbeassumedthatachemicalthatis60%orbetterbiodegradedinthistestmethodwillbiodegradeinmostaerobicenvironmentalcompartments.1.2ThistestmethodisderivedfromthesealedvesselproceduresofBirch(1),Struijs(2),Boatman(3),andPeterson(4),whichweredevelopedassimpler,moreeconomicalalternativestotheCO2productiontechniquesreportedbyGledhill(5)andSturm(6),theSturmreportbeingthebasisoftheModifiedSturmTestoftheOrganizationforEconomicCooperationandDevelopment(OECD)(7).1.3Theproceduresareapplicabletopurematerials,includingsparinglysolubles,whichcanbedissolvedordispersedhomogeneouslyinaqueousstocksolutionsofatleast25ppmofcarbon,orwhichcanbeintroducedreproduciblytotestbottlesaspuretestmaterialin1to2-mgportions.Thetestchemicalshouldbenontoxictosewagemicroorganismsat10ppmofcarbon.ThetestmaybeappliedtovolatilematerialswithHenry''sLawConstantsofuptoapproximately10x2212;2atm/m3/mole.Thetestingofmixtures,extracts,orfullyformulatedproductscanleadtoseriousproblemsindatainterpretation.1.4Theproceduresinvolveincubationofthetestchemicalwithadiluteinoculumofmicrobesfromdomesticwastewatersecondarysewagetreatmenteffluentinsmall,sealedvesselsforupto28days.BiodegradabilityisdeterminedbymonitoringCO2productionasdissolvedinorganiccarbon(DIC)intheliquidphase,andasgaseousCO2intheheadspace.Alternatively,analysiscanbeperformedonjusttheliquidphaseaftertheadditionofalkali,oronjusttheheadspacefollowingacidification.ThedeterminationsaremadeusingcommercialcarbonanalyzersbasedontheIRdetectionofCO2.ThedeterminationofCO2productionprovidesunequivocalproofofbiodegradation,barringtheunlikelyeventofabioticproductionofCO2fromthetestmaterial.1.5Forwater-solublematerialsthatdonotadsorbtoglassorbiologicalsolids,biodegradationmaybeconfirmed......
【中国标准分类号】:B11
【国际标准分类号】:13_080_30
【页数】:6P.;A4
【正文语种】:英语